Resources

The gentle science behind Memory Mat — plus free guides for families and caregivers.

The Science of Reminiscence

Memory Mat uses memory-jogging cues — familiar faces and key phrases — that may help support episodic memory and spark meaningful conversation.

“A 2017 study observed that reminiscence therapy significantly improved autobiographical episodic memory for the Alzheimer’s Disease patient group… This therapy can take many forms, including simple reminiscence through discussion and visual stimuli of past events. Simple reminiscence often utilizes props and [people] may therefore benefit from key phrases and photos provided on a Memory Mat.”
— Rebecca Howell, PhD Candidate, Spiegel Lab, Department of Chemistry, Yale School of Medicine

Insights from Rebecca Howell

A conversation about reminiscence therapy and what the research suggests.

QWhat are your thoughts on reducing symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia by viewing photographs of friends and family and engaging in meaningful conversation on topics such as food, hobbies, and careers?

AThere is an interesting review analyzing results from 16 studies on the impact of reminiscence therapy.1 This therapy can take many forms, including simple reminiscence through discussion and visual stimuli of past events.1 Simple reminiscence often utilizes props and may therefore benefit from key phrases and photos provided on a Memory Mat. One symptom often associated with dementia is depression — a 2015 study showed that reminiscence therapy could improve depressive symptoms.2

QCan episodic memory impairment be improved by visual memory cues and joggers about one’s personal past and autobiographical recollection?

AA 2017 study observed that reminiscence therapy significantly improved autobiographical episodic memory for the Alzheimer’s Disease patient group.4 This study used various stimuli to recall and relate memories to the present and ultimately demonstrated improvement in episodic memory at the two-month follow-up test.4

QDo you think easy steps a caregiver can take to care for their senior with Alzheimer’s and Dementia can include playing memory games and inquiring about their personal past?

AMeta-analyses show that results are inconclusive regarding the efficacy of reminiscence therapy, but some studies show improvements for both the caregiver and patient.1 A 2012 study showed significant improvement using the Social Engagement Scale and Self-Reported Quality of Life Scale for patients receiving reminiscence therapy.3 This particular study demonstrated the combined role of activities such as open-ended questions, ordered topics, prompts for recall, and aftermath discussion in improving quality of life.3 Considering these positive results, playing memory games and inquiring about a senior’s personal past could potentially aid in improving their quality of life.

References

  1. Woods B, O’Philbin L, Farrell EM, Spector AE, Orrell M. Reminiscence therapy for dementia. 2018. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 3: CD001120.
  2. Gonzalez J, Mayordomo T, Torres M, Sales A, Melendez JC. Reminiscence and dementia: a therapeutic intervention. 2015. International Psychogeriatrics. 27(10):1731–1737.
  3. Azcurra DJLS. A reminiscence program intervention to improve the quality of life of long-term care residents with Alzheimer’s disease: a randomized trial. 2012. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. 34(4):422–33.
  4. Melendez JC, Torres M, Redondo R, Mayordomo T, Sales A. Effectiveness of follow-up reminiscence therapy on autobiographical memory in pathological aging. 2017. International Journal of Psychology. 42(4):283–290.

Learn more: National Institute on Aging — Alzheimer’s Disease Fact Sheet

How Memory Mat Works

Simple answers for families and caregivers.

What is a Memory Mat?
A Memory Mat is a personalized, placemat-sized keepsake filled with photos of loved ones and short, friendly phrases about the things a person enjoys — their family and friends, hobbies, favorite foods, and careers. It gives seniors and caregivers a warm, familiar way to reminisce and connect.
Who is it for?
Seniors of all kinds, especially those living with Alzheimer’s or dementia, as well as anyone who simply loves to look back and share stories. It’s also a wonderful conversation tool for caregivers, family members, and senior centers.
How do I make one?
Visit the Create Yours page, share a few favorite photos and a handful of details, and we’ll craft a Memory Mat for you. You can also download the step-by-step instructions below.
How much does it cost?
Nothing. Memory Mat is a nonprofit 501(c)(3), and mats are provided free of charge.
How do I use it with my loved one?
Sit together and look through the photos, read the key phrases aloud, and ask open-ended questions about the people and memories shown. Unhurried, gentle conversation works best — there are no wrong answers.

Free Downloads

Print-ready guides and materials to help you get started.

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Create Your Free Memory Mat

Step-by-step instructions for building a Memory Mat for your loved one.

Download PDF
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Thank You Card

A printable thank-you and welcome card for new Memory Mat families.

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Follow along and see Memory Mat in action